1. Engineers built roads and canals
a. Before the Industrial Revolution, water was the cheapest way to travel.
b. Water transport had a drawback-the trouble it took to move goods in between where there was no water.
c. To solve the problem-English built CANALS.(a human made water way)
d. Now goods could be carried by water to move to more places in Britain.
e. ROADS also improved. John McAdam built roadbeds that were much improved over the old ones.

2. The Railway Age began
a. The steam train revolutionized transportation first in England, then in many parts of the world.
b. They already had the steam for energy idea from earlier inventions, but they needed a much more powerful ENGINE to run transportation with.
c. In 1804, Richard Trevithick ran the first steam engine.
d. By 1820, there were hundreds of imporvements.***
e. In 1825, George Stephenson started the world's first railroad line.

***Note: Here is where capitalism helps industrialization-others want to make money also so many people are developing improved ideas which furthers industry.

3. Railroads spread across England
a. The Liverpool-Manchester Railroad opened in 1830. A huge success! Thousands traveled between these two cities every day.
b. Freight trains now carried most goods.
c. Hundreds of new railroads opened 1830s - 1840s because investors saw huge profits.
d. Soon the railroads linked nearly all the major cities in Britain.

4. Railroads had far reaching effects
a. four major effects…
1. Railroads encouraged further industrial growth by giving manufacturers a fast, cheap way to transport raw materials and finished products. So now factories could be built wherever and the trains just brought them their things.
2. Provided millions of new jobs
3. Gave a further boost to progress in agriculture.(Farmers sent milk, fruit to distant cities. Fresh fish can be sold daily in far off cities)
4. Influenced attitudes that common people had about travel(NOW-travel for pleasure, visit relatives etc.)